Illumination of the Holy Cross in St. Peter's 1768 - 1804

This print of the Illumination of the Holy Cross in St. Peter's was created by Francesco Piranesi using etching and watercolor. Piranesi, the son of the more famous Giovanni Battista Piranesi, followed in his father's footsteps, producing detailed views of Roman architecture and life. The printmaking processes employed by Piranesi, particularly etching, allowed for the precise depiction of the basilica's grand scale and intricate details. This labor-intensive method, involving coating a metal plate with wax, incising the design, and then bathing the plate in acid, speaks to the value placed on skilled craftsmanship during this era. The subsequent application of watercolor added depth and realism, enhancing the dramatic effect of the illuminated cross. Prints like these also catered to the burgeoning tourism industry, meeting the demand for souvenirs and views of famous sites, as a sign of sophisticated appreciation. In understanding the materials, making, and context of Piranesi's work, we appreciate the intersection of art, craft, and commerce, offering insights into the social and cultural values of 18th-century Europe.