These two nude photographs of Lars Nilsen Hotti were made by Paolo Mantegazza in the late 19th century. In this period, photography was becoming increasingly useful for documenting racial and ethnic differences within a scientific framework. Mantegazza, an Italian physician and anthropologist, sought to categorize human beings based on physical traits. These photographs were likely intended for use in anthropological studies, reflecting the pseudoscientific approaches of racial classification that were prevalent at the time. The scientific gaze objectifies the subject, reducing Hotti to a specimen for examination, rather than recognizing his individual humanity. Understanding the social and intellectual history behind such images requires careful attention to the scientific literature and anthropological theories of the period. It’s critical to remember that art and photography can be powerful tools, but they can also perpetuate harmful stereotypes and contribute to discrimination.