Frederick the Wise of Saxony 1509

This is an engraving of Frederick the Wise of Saxony, made by Lucas Cranach the Elder. It’s a small work, yet the textures and the intricacies of line create a compelling presence. Notice how Cranach uses the etched line to build volume and depth. The density of the marks describes the fur collar, and the lines articulate the folds of fabric, creating a rich surface. The even light emphasizes the details and textures across the plane, flattening the image. This technique serves to abstract the subject. The figure is presented in a semi-circular frame, flanked by heraldic shields, which gives an abstract, timeless quality to the portrait. The plate mark is clearly visible, reminding us of the printing process. By emphasizing the material qualities of the print, Cranach draws attention to the act of representation itself. The symbolic weight of the image shifts from the figure to the system of signs and the means of production.