Rotterdam in the Moonlight 1881

Johan Barthold Jongkind made this oil on canvas titled "Rotterdam in the Moonlight" in 1881. It captures the bustling port of Rotterdam, a vital hub for Dutch commerce. Jongkind's focus wasn't just on the ships; he was equally interested in the atmospheric effects of light on water, a preoccupation shared by many artists of his time. Painted during a period of rapid industrialization, the scene reflects the Netherlands' maritime power. The artist was likely influenced by the Hague School, a group known for their realistic depictions of Dutch landscapes and everyday life. To fully understand Jongkind's work, one might delve into archives documenting the economic history of Rotterdam, tracing the rise of its port and merchant class. We could examine the exhibition records of the day, which would tell us how the art world and its institutions reacted to a changing society.