First Little Night Piece 1898

Théophile Alexandre Steinlen made this print, First Little Night Piece, using etching. Steinlen was associated with the Parisian cabaret Le Chat Noir, for which he designed posters, and with a variety of journals, for which he produced satirical illustrations. This image evokes the grim realities of urban poverty in late 19th century France. Notice the use of dark shadows and stark lighting to create a sense of foreboding. The figure's gaunt face and tattered clothing suggest hardship and destitution. Steinlen’s art often served as a form of social commentary, critiquing the inequalities and injustices of his time. His association with journals allowed him to disseminate his views widely and to shape public opinion on social issues. The artist's focus on social issues makes his prints valuable resources for social historians. These historians examine periodicals, police records, and other documentary evidence to better understand Steinlen’s artistic choices and their effect on the Parisian public. Art history reminds us that artistic meaning is always contingent on social context.