Robert G. Ingersoll 

Cassius Marcellus Coolidge created this lithograph caricature of Robert G. Ingersoll. The late 19th century was a period of intense social and political debate in America, and satirical imagery was a common way to express opinions. Here, Ingersoll is shown riding a bizarre creature labeled "infidelity". Coolidge’s caricature plays on the association of Ingersoll’s philosophical views with unbelief. The hat with Ingersoll’s name implies this is his hobby. This caricature speaks to the contentious relationship between religion, politics, and public opinion in that era. It highlights the social pressures faced by individuals who dared to challenge religious orthodoxy. The image shows that it was risky to challenge conservative values. Looking at publications from the time can provide valuable insights into the historical context and meaning of artworks like this. It highlights the role of the historian in understanding the complex interplay between art, culture, and society.