Side chair c. 1866

These side chairs, now at the Minneapolis Institute of Art, were made in the John Henry Belter Factory in the mid-19th century. Their dark, glossy wood is a testament to Belter's innovative approach to furniture making. Belter, a German immigrant, revolutionized the craft by laminating thin layers of rosewood. This technique allowed for incredibly intricate, almost lace-like carving, impossible with solid wood. If you look closely, you will see delicate floral motifs and sinuous lines, showcasing the possibilities of his method. The upholstered seats and backs, with their tufted detailing, add a layer of tactile luxury. But there is a social dimension to this virtuosity. The Belter factory operated on a large scale, employing many workers to produce these status symbols for wealthy Americans. This was furniture as industrial production, yet still retaining the aura of handcrafted excellence. These chairs are fascinating examples of how technology and craft traditions intersected in the era of burgeoning capitalism.