Spotprent bij het vertrek van minister Heemskerk, 1888 1888

Johan Michaël Schmidt Crans created this print, titled 'Spotprent bij het vertrek van minister Heemskerk', in 1888. The cartoon depicts the Dutch Prime Minister Heemskerk, who served in office from 1883-1888, seated on his throne. The Latin text in the print suggests Heemskerk has endured many hardships, done much, and been thwarted by evil, and asks: "Will another do better, without bending?" The print appeared during a time of significant political and social change in the Netherlands. Heemskerk’s resignation reflects a growing sense of disillusionment with conservative politics and a shift towards more liberal and democratic ideals. Caricatures like this would have circulated in newspapers and pamphlets and gained meaning for their audiences within a complex field of political debate. Understanding this artwork requires us to research the political climate of the Netherlands in the late 19th century, examining primary sources like newspapers and political pamphlets to fully grasp its message and meaning.