Gezicht op Waterloo Bridge in de mist in Londen c. 1890

Editor: Here we have Willem Witsen's etching, "Gezicht op Waterloo Bridge in de mist in Londen," created around 1890. It's currently held in the Rijksmuseum. The overwhelming darkness immediately strikes me. What formal qualities do you see in this piece that stand out? Curator: The most compelling aspect is Witsen's masterful control of tonal values. Observe the limited, almost monochromatic palette. The composition relies heavily on chiaroscuro to create depth and atmosphere. Note how the dark, almost impenetrable mass of the foreground contrasts with the delicate, ethereal rendering of the background lights and the bridge's suggestion. Editor: Yes, it's interesting how the light seems to be both obscured and enhanced by the fog. How does that limited palette contribute to the overall reading of the piece? Curator: Precisely. The restrained palette intensifies the feeling of mystery and perhaps even a sense of isolation. The blurred edges and lack of sharp details further contribute to the atmospheric effect. Consider also the role of line in creating reflections on the water and the sense of depth that adds to the formal qualities. Editor: So, the form itself—the composition and use of light and shadow—becomes the primary vehicle for meaning, overshadowing any literal depiction of the scene. Curator: Exactly. Witsen isn't merely representing Waterloo Bridge; he is constructing a visual experience that prioritizes atmosphere and the interplay of light and dark. How does the small boat influence your reading of the formal structures? Editor: I suppose its inclusion anchors the scene, and acts as a sort of middle ground for your eye, between the reflected lights above, and the overwhelming darkness. I never noticed the semiotics within the print-making process, thanks for that breakdown. Curator: My pleasure. Thinking about the print's design really emphasizes its strengths.